ࡱ> Root Entry~>O m@@ContentsA-Diagram1ZDiagClass0nT  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmopqrstuvwxyz{|}~  ./0123456789:;<=>?BCDEFGHIJKLMDocComponentsInfo$BJinterpretation- /=?xDf /0?@OP_ /0?@OP_ /0?@OP_ /0?@OP_ /0?@OP_ /0?@OP_'&{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}! ,Layer 1` ?@`X?$@? ?@`X?$@?!`. "`  ! ??+#`>   $`W C 8$  T /0DProf. Manheim Spring, 2005?@,ddOP_ % !~v`? ?$@?? ?$@?!`."`  ! ??+#`>   $`V C ,! d {/0:Constitutional Law I  ?@dOP_ %! H   "5  M "1 0< G RMOǕuR+@ C F /K  C "\ L /0BTHEORIES OF INTEPRETATION?@dOP_ Process%!}u H   "5  "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C "*ff <@/0$ Textualism ?@dOP_ %! H   "5 .[L  "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ H F /K  C r" TT 4/0PJudicial Review involves interpreting the constitution, which in turn depends onP?@dOP_ %L ! H   "5 6h= ' "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ *F /K  C ""  <```/0Fthe Power of judicial review (i.e., declaring acts of federal and state legislative and executive bodies in conflict with the constitution; hence invalid)?@,ddOP_ %= '!7/ H   "5 Jc "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C "  /0^"The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congrss may from time to time ordain and establish."?@dOP_ %c!0000 00 [0? C%! 0000 00 6 0? C %!RJ`?p@j?@??p@j?@?!` "`  ! ??+#`>   $` C 9 /0D"judicial Power" includes?@,ddOP_ %! H   "5 b u "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ HF /K  C L"M   |@@@@@@@@/0BTheories of Intepretation ?@dOP_ % u! 0000 0@0$<g<gb0? C%!w H   "5 <  "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C "*ff <@/0& Originalism ?@dOP_ %! H   "B L25  "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C $"Ljj D@@/0@Dynamic Non-Originalism?@,ddOP_ %! H   "5  "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C "*ff <@/04Non-Interpretivism?@dOP_ %! 0000 00$gg[[0? C%!0000 00!!0? C%! H    B L25  "1 0< G 4KBVM#ּ@ \wF ``8Arial` P1_`o/K  C 0"1vv <{/0f+discovering meaning from text and structure+?@dOP_  Terminal@%! H    B L25   "1 0< G 4KBVM#ּ@ \wF ``8Arial` P1_`o/K  C b"vv <{/0Ddiscovering framers' intent in relation to histor-ical understandingD?@dOP_  Terminal@%! H    B L25 q "1 0< G 4KBVM#ּ@ \wF ``8Arial` P1_`o/K  C r"vv <{/0Ldiscovering under-lying principles and applying them to con-temporary issuesL?@dOP_  Terminal@%! H    B L25  "1 0< G 4KBVM#ּ@ \wF ``8Arial` P1_`o/K  C d"1vv <{/0Esupplying content based on external values and con-ventional moralityE?@dOP_  Terminal@%!00 00[q\0? C%!00 00q 0? C%!00 00q0? C%!00 00!q!0? C%!H@`v?@ ?؟@?v?@ ?؟@?!`J#a;"`  ! ??+#`>   $`  C c;; 4@@@/04sources to consult?@dOP_ %a;! H    B L 25 `%  "1 0< G Y}JDÿd+@ C  F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K   C T"** </0x4dictionaries, linguistic usage, logical organization4?@,ddOP_ Process@% ! H    B L 25  % "1 0< G Y}JDÿd+@ C  F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K   C J"l** </08British and colonial practices; other historical sources8?@dOP_ Process@%! H    B L 25 % "1 0< G Y}JDÿd+@ C  F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K   C D"l** </0z5higher levels of generality applied to modern context5?@dOP_ Process@%! H    B L 25 2% "1 0< G Y}JDÿd+@ C  F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K   C `"=** </0Call relevant sources (incl. scientific, econ., social, comparative)C?@dOP_ Process@%!00 00\q"e%0? C%!00 00 q"%0? C%!00 00q"%0? C%!00 00!q"!%0? C%!|t`?@ ?Ԣ@??@ ?Ԣ@?!`! _*;"`  ! ??+#`>   $` C *;; <@@@/0`(example: applied to capital punishment ?(?@dOP_ %;!og H   "5 X]- % "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C " T @@@@/0gthe death penalty is both cruel (inflicts injury, grief & pain) and unusual (rare, extreme of its kind)DLg?@dOP_ % %!A9 H   "5  ]- % "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C " T @@@@/0`capital punishment was widely practiced in 18th C; only barbaric methods of execution prohibited`?@dOP_ % %!me H   "5 ]- % "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C " T @@@@/0vevolving standards of decency and paucity of states authorizing DP limit permissible methods & could eventually bar itv?@dOP_ % %!{s H   "5 ]- % "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C " T @@@@/0 }DP rarely authorized in other democracies; high social cost of execution; religious objections; etc. could affect const'ality}?@dOP_ % %! 0000 00$e")e++]-0?  C%! 0000 00$"")"++]-0?! C%! 0000 00$")+n+n]-0?" C%! 0000 00$!")!+#+#]-0?# C%!00 000?. C%!00 000?/ C%!*" H    B L25   "1 0< G )B޳HL::@ M~F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K 0 C "N N  /0?@OP_ Rounded Process@% !LD`(?R@?@?(?R@?@?@!`O} "`  ! ??+#`>   $`1 C @  4/08strict construction??@dOP_ %} !*" H    B L25 5$  "1 0< G )B޳HL::@ M~F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K 2 C "N N  /0?@OP_ Rounded Process@%$ !D<``㥫?F@n?@?`㥫?F@n?@?!`&} "`  ! ??+#`>   $`3 C   </0( natural law? ?@dOP_ %} ! H    B L25 ]4%L "1 0< G 22C@ C  pF ``8Arial` P1_`o/K 4 C " /0mnon-interpretivist outcomes are hard to predict; natural law, for instance, could support an "eye for an eye"m?@dOP_ Rounded Process@%%L!00 00#2#]40?5 C%!DD`?4@@`?@??4@@`?@?!`Z27 "`HB H??? AA(A  ܼA@aDCdZ[v1);;6MZU{()`? <">ETpF T20`˿ƺ׹غ 3 _k UI9Ҽӽߔ":G[ J J ['*wſ೽㬭Ɵҿн R J?=nڀɫַŷ-` i̶ǃ|<5T`_ЭC8uQOü૫Ɨǽ᢫̼Сԥʜ̸ֺŶĿܺоɺή÷ǷҼθꮲ-'i M{x XJ3⬭A/ [_ X& Zz VQw s mg0,a߲Žи=B|cU^e鏏Y! jry@@k 7 5ߤ9;+-~sk]U \Sa W;8U乷GA71qTBg E >qr}{ j jĉy xmk FD;~咚"yYh<2uϰ OIk aROikѻkfW [jm]`Π+!f L ^g(~䡨6 n` f ^\`ҼQ\VW^[-,A H LѴ昕g ^ Ffe^cr#mic _Xov KPlkx^]IB UQcvlS=l,/V㌍ 5O׼KHbn VNA+% g+$A,-W AɺA3uY geY slbV G91&~S kmnT=_\ ?IǼGV9+օqrbchX_2 $V Hkujj25G**JVjD/a DM \ V bt" tH>:oᣨ@ ae%,Fзي]\dls99d9@ᯫ;Y Z?!YR \T e?H¸)1Aed?- c D P+ cQ `j \Vhj8i^ [hgYaȡ$_ Qb8+|g c06RԲ7=Xm c1&_MbUa ?T ^2%z _N32 C A J˸̤,(NX j31p60}^ k.'!r \[ k} HEgfred F 3 U ^cwl0l:?Y}Ѝ Bhp8*#m gZ?9U23[ QﺬD5wZRŹqf vo_SOAD@q Uf$vq `bkfc`C B 9Z6(~ݏhiXY`P W06 # |uic/:^䰯/-o`]kLPX7@jUSGȌij]f}ۿ׵=' q I8/v SM^^bjmm71q鮬 S ]-&~ɼ f h78cvufd˿rhti]`IkfӮ~JVm _[NXgԿ񄄶\l%IҲί :\c < ` VHݲر>OW glαχ B 5fnem9 Ktuļ S ]R=iϻ渺ܶthJT Jg l<~d W ]VLALnbS;'O^_ejgaý_]KIg mUmns{w\:9|B Dw~r|tm 3#,UxpDAQ,_@78]Q Mlrmniï\W N > J D G =6N R-a_ M GǺNI62}Ȋ `U\sm\_ @7 _p,*uغ|vF`qꫴ[l=PO Y [.0fU W`{ tmauuffד ]d20i2' Z6;/ R N[[}~ `WYꥣ O_/)ջnf45belhh e ^U v]e]JCRdQ ZT)'z g g8CWֹ!1gkAD;7WTMTTNUPGU瞮&IXdFH쳿7D^ hd֫ąHZWQZZU>Ъ]h3-qbn*6u,:ettq_cf L_ahc `Q.5Nݦts(&cooo l8)p˼X\ KD^kVdDSw Y?>Sjst P*̸՟ތ̀_olnAhX75޺ջ%\Snhp6>Xjg W Y DJL;7~!c MJB:MHpߩhc}af=/-g>RP5*^-dXV O/6|dd0{DcT! [[ PS?8?VX ifI78enu] tjshkt1.ZWfX Y`N 2 [\VT*(|r f2=Pٿղ$$i Odg!*ZHmo2>X jmϻԈK \ZTYYN=ܴgf93w»S_ L ROQ \a@E Qi[jhT ]ڴɸ΅!/N5)sq1/l`qʓ je O5&lL[dfiB <f i]l =UcNno R/,6NBbrScum_`[n%,p P*o$d Vd j݁fg *4@_giVbE JamGT| _ ]YXjf PI YHN)/\ &Rf m ?.3cXg(]fOشƅ鈍',F2C AH^W@KPK}GQM! F鳻".@ROy+"_JNMu B BF@zL  =4y PA!? A=/RKgN Q lY@IC<S *ir F P}{6XH=b_HE\XKƹdi T^vcdc A2㓡QZGKdʥ "8v!Źѻ''M EMIKy dg} L Zogkf RM˿ѿA :XJc| > JqiE7i<.`st:b`05|PX b:GC- nUɼނ C I S Q C*.c8ByI2-S;6\#G8 NYcusZc>;r DYH=AS#A:@ N \*lvv 7-J 3^a)+Q(!_]onD\FMMe@/ Y ;aB.SX/<:+4?eb@, z F#T4j kffQ59x; R K+i I[$ dǺsj R#JKT i T;SVF UOy<;.%oHmfVB.K4WE XUBBdnod oywVU\DC< na`X6.c?3qW` h_FHmD4j^ j\ fC6y,'T"k\P;,{@*ejkBEKxchmg H>C6 OE#a!b]D{ G 4] Q V\!"C"dR7 T L{ D<䮴κƱýڮհޫٵű+#`>   $`8 C   /0?@OP_ % !& ` `` ` CC    ??(Xs88886fH0_H8@8@f@f@kkfHfH  =  = !NPMa!PMa "IN0@~"0@~ #TM#TM.Mp/]Ŵ5`45`#Arial ArialX%``8Arial` P1_`o('-N)B  ? Arial Narrow /    BBasic DiagramsBB}Y: @b=?]BS S    p ! @??+ !2WD!eI@ "  Rounded Process L2 888-  8       Rounded Process      /    ~ ! @??+ )B޳HL:: "  Rounded Process L2 878,  8    iShape   Rounded Process       3 / ! )( ! ??+ Y}JDÿd+ "  Process L 2 #  8    iShape   Process       3 /    w ! ??+ 4KBVM#ּ "  Terminal L2 ''SS  8    iShape   Terminal       3 /    p ! ??+ 22C "  Rounded Process L2 888-  8       Rounded Process       3 /    w ! @??+ ֌NXNǬ") "  Rounded Process L 2 878,  8       Rounded Process      /  )( ! ??+ RMOǕuR+ "  Process L2   8       Process      /     ! ??+ f|{O "  Rounded Process L2 888-  8       Rounded Process      /   @ ! @??+@ G Gхk ^ "  Process L2 L   8       Process      /     ! ??+ 2E@Vi(h "  Rounded Process L2 888-      iShape  %         ? Arial Narrow /    ! ??+ 2E@Vi(h "  Rounded Process L2 888-         %         ? Arial Narrow /     ! ??+ 2E@Vi(h "  Rounded Process L2 888-  E      %         ? Arial Narrow /     ! ??+ 2E@Vi(h "  Rounded Process L2 888-  |       %         ? Arial Narrow /     ! ??+ 2E@Vi(h "  Rounded Process L2 888-  )      %         ? Arial Narrow /     ! ??+ 2E@Vi(h "  Rounded Process L2 888-        %         ? Arial Narrow /     ! ??+ 2E@Vi(h "  Rounded Process L2 888-  R      %         ? Arial Narrow /    Root Entry~>O@! @Contents!-Diagram1DiagClass0T   "#$%&'()*+,-DocComponentsInfo$Binterpretation- /=?xDf /0?@OP_ /0?@OP_ /0?@OP_ /0?@OP_ /0?@OP_ /0?@OP_'&{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}! ,Layer 1` ?@`X?$@? ?@`X?$@?!`. "`  ! ??+#`>   $`W C 8$  T /0DProf. Manheim Spring, 2005?@,ddOP_ % !~v`? ?$@?? ?$@?!`."`  ! ??+#`>   $`V C ,! d {/0:Constitutional Law I  ?@dOP_ %! H   "5  M "1 0< G RMOǕuR+@ C F /K  C "\ L /0BTHEORIES OF INTEPRETATION?@dOP_ Process%! H   "5  "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ f F /K  C "*ff <@/0$ Textualism ?@dOP_ %! H   "5 .[L  "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ H F /K  C r" TT 4/0PJudicial Review involves interpreting the constitution, which in turn depends onP?@dOP_ %L ! H   "5 6h= ' "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ *F /K  C ""  <```/0Fthe Power of judicial review (i.e., declaring acts of federal and state legislative and executive bodies in conflict with the constitution; hence invalid)?@,ddOP_ %= '!7/ H   "5 Jc "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C "  /0^"The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congrss may from time to time ordain and establish."?@dOP_ %c!0000 00 [0? C%! 0000 00 6 0? C %!RJ`?p@j?@??p@j?@?!` "`  ! ??+#`>   $` C 9 /0D"judicial Power" includes?@,ddOP_ %! H   "5 b u "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ HF /K  C L"M   |@@@@@@@@/0BTheories of Intepretation ?@dOP_ % u! 0000 0@0$<g<gb0? C%! H   "5 <  "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ f F /K  C "*ff <@/0& Originalism ?@dOP_ %!  H   "B L25  "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ f F /K  C $"Ljj D@@/0@Dynamic Non-Originalism?@,ddOP_ %! H   "5  "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ f F /K  C "*ff <@/04Non-Interpretivism?@dOP_ %! 0000 00$gg[[0? C%!0000 00!!0? C%! H    B L25  "1 0< G 4KBVM#ּ@ \wF ``8Arial` P1_`o/K  C 0"1vv <{/0f+discovering meaning from text and structure+?@dOP_  Terminal@%! H    B L25   "1 0< G 4KBVM#ּ@ \wF ``8Arial` P1_`o/K  C b"vv <{/0Ddiscovering framers' intent in relation to histor-ical understandingD?@dOP_  Terminal@%! H    B L25 q "1 0< G 4KBVM#ּ@ \wF ``8Arial` P1_`o/K  C r"vv <{/0Ldiscovering under-lying principles and applying them to con-temporary issuesL?@dOP_  Terminal@%! H    B L25  "1 0< G 4KBVM#ּ@ \wF ``8Arial` P1_`o/K  C d"1vv <{/0Esupplying content based on external values and con-ventional moralityE?@dOP_  Terminal@%!00 00[q\0? C%!00 00q 0? C%!00 00q0? C%!00 00!q!0? C%!H@`v?@ ?؟@?v?@ ?؟@?!`J#a;"`  ! ??+#`>   $`  C c;; 4@@@/04sources to consult?@dOP_ %a;! H    B L 25 `%  "1 0< G Y}JDÿd+@ C  F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K   C T"** </0x4dictionaries, linguistic usage, logical organization4?@,ddOP_ Process@% ! H    B L 25  % "1 0< G Y}JDÿd+@ C  F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K   C J"l** </08British and colonial practices; other historical sources8?@dOP_ Process@%! H    B L 25 % "1 0< G Y}JDÿd+@ C  F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K   C D"l** </0z5higher levels of generality applied to modern context5?@dOP_ Process@%! H    B L 25 2% "1 0< G Y}JDÿd+@ C  F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K   C `"=** </0Call relevant sources (incl. scientific, econ., social, comparative)C?@dOP_ Process@%!00 00\q"e%0? C%!00 00 q"%0? C%!00 00q"%0? C%!00 00!q"!%0? C%!|t`?@ ?Ԣ@??@ ?Ԣ@?!`! _*;"`  ! ??+#`>   $` C *;; <@@@/0`(example: applied to capital punishment ?(?@dOP_ %;!og H   "5 X]- % "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C " T @@@@/0gthe death penalty is both cruel (inflicts injury, grief & pain) and unusual (rare, extreme of its kind)DLg?@dOP_ % %!A9 H   "5  ]- % "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C " T @@@@/0`capital punishment was widely practiced in 18th C; only barbaric methods of execution prohibited`?@dOP_ % %!me H   "5 ]- % "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C " T @@@@/0vevolving standards of decency and paucity of states authorizing DP limit permissible methods & could eventually bar itv?@dOP_ % %!{s H   "5 ]- % "1 0< G 2E@Vi(h@ M F /K  C " T @@@@/0 }DP rarely authorized in other democracies; high social cost of execution; religious objections; etc. could affect const'ality}?@dOP_ % %! 0000 00$e")e++]-0?  C%! 0000 00$"")"++]-0?! C%! 0000 00$")+n+n]-0?" C%! 0000 00$!")!+#+#]-0?# C%!00 000?. C%!00 000?/ C%!*" H    B L25   "1 0< G )B޳HL::@ M~F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K 0 C "N N  /0?@OP_ Rounded Process@% !LD`(?R@?@?(?R@?@?@!`O} "`  ! ??+#`>   $`1 C @  4/08strict construction??@dOP_ %} !*" H    B L25 5$  "1 0< G )B޳HL::@ M~F ``8Arial` P1_`o/K 2 C "N N  /0?@OP_ Rounded Process@%$ !D<``㥫?F@n?@?`㥫?F@n?@?!`&} "`  ! ??+#`>   $`3 C   </0( natural law? ?@dOP_ %} ! H    B L25 ]4%L "1 0< G 22C@ C  pF ``8Arial` P1_`o/K 4 C " /0mnon-interpretivist outcomes are hard to predict; natural law, for instance, could support an "eye for an eye"m?@dOP_ Rounded Process@%%L!00 00#2#]40?5 C%!DD`?4@@`?@??4@@`?@?!`Z27 "`HB H??? 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